Education and Family Support, and Mathematics Achievement in Two Different Sociodemographic Contexts

Educación y apoyo familiar, y logro en matemáticas en dos contextos sociodemográficos diferentes

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Aldo Bazán-Ramírez Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú
Eduardo Hernández-Padilla Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México
Doris Castellanos-Simons Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México
Abstract

This paper presents the results of a non-experimental cross-sectional study conducted under a mixed explanatory design (with manifest and latent variables), in an indigenous school in a rural area and an urban school in Morelos (Mexico). The sociodemographic context of the schools of origin was considered as a predictor variable of Mathematics achievement in 6th grade of primary school, and the educational level of the parents and family support were considered as mediating variables. At the end of 6th grade, students from both schools answered a scale on family support and a short test on two mathematical competencies: Communicating mathematical information and Using techniques efficiently. The data were analyzed with two structural regression models of relationships between manifest variables (school context and parents' educational level) and latent variables (family support with eight items and mathematics achievement with two mathematics competency indexes). Mathematics achievement was the final latent variable to be explained. Both resulting models showed that mathematics achievement was significantly and positively explained by the latent variable Family Support, and indirectly and positively by the manifest variable Parental Education, which in turn was significantly but negatively explained by the manifest variable School context. The findings support the hypothesis that students' learning opportunities depend to a large extent on the socioeconomic and educational context of the families, which are determined by the demographic and physical environment where they live and study.

Keywords

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Author Biographies / See

Aldo Bazán-Ramírez, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú

Licenciado en Psicología por la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal (1994). Maestro (1998) y Doctor (2004) en Psicología por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Es investigador de tiempo parcial en la Universidad Cesar Vallejo (Perú) y Docente en la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. Es Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, Nivel II (México) e investigador RENACYT, Grupo Carlos Monge, Nivel II (Perú).

Eduardo Hernández-Padilla, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México

Obtuvo la Licenciatura en Psicología, la Maestría en Psicología Educativa y el Doctorado en Psicología, con énfasis en Neurociencias del comportamiento, en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Es profesor investigador en la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos desde febrero de 2012. Es Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, Nivel I (México).

Doris Castellanos-Simons, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México

Doctora en Psicología por la Universidad Católica de Nijmegen, Holanda (2001), Master en Ciencias de la Educación (1997) y Licenciada en Psicología (1979), ambas por la Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. Profesora Investigadora Titular B en la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), y miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores de México (SNI), Nivel 1.

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