Violencia familiar en el comportamiento académico reactivo adolescente: una revisión sistemática
Family Violence in Adolescent Reactive Academic Behavior: a Systematic Review
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional.
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El comportamiento académico actualmente representa una variable importante para ser abordada, ésta se vincula grandemente con el entorno de la familia; sin embargo, cuando la interacción es inadecuada puede desencadenar en conductas reactivas. El presente estudio planteó como objetivo analizar la literatura científica en relación con el comportamiento académico reactivo en adolescentes como resultado de la violencia familiar. Se realizó una revisión de literatura en cinco bases de datos Scopus (392), PubMed (462), SciELO (5), Redalyc (2788) y Web of Science (118) con un total de 3765 artículos, de estos se sistematizaron 18 documentos que cumplieron los criterios de selección establecidos por el modelo PRISMA. Los resultados evidenciaron que el 22.2% de los artículos son procedentes de Brasil, 16.7% proceden de Estados Unidos, 11.1% procede de China, México y Turquía, en tanto el 5.6% lo componen países como Canadá, España, Perú, Suecia y Tailandia. La revisión demuestra que el 100% fueron estudios cuantitativos, 55.6% fueron transversales; además, se ha encontrado que la violencia en la familia alcanza niveles por encima del 60% y que sus principales manifestaciones son el maltrato físico, verbal y psicológico, que se traduce en comportamientos de deserción, intimidación y acciones violentas. En conclusión la violencia familiar tiene un efecto negativo y significativo en el comportamiento académico reactivo de los adolescentes que han estado expuesto a situaciones de violencia; finalmente, es necesario desarrollar estrategias de intervención y prevención para mejorar la convivencia y el bienestar de los adolescentes.
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